虽然很多留学生都觉得essay写作非常烦人,但却是无法避免的存在。当然,同学们觉得essay写作很烦也只是刚出国的那段时间,当大家习惯了英文写作之后,其实essay写作还是挺简单的。而那些初到国外留学的同学们,写作essay的时候都要注意下面这些情况。
一、选择一个合适的主题 一篇好的essay选题是非常重要的。有些同学把时间都浪费在了不断地选题和换题上边。最后素材找了一堆时间却不够了,临时赶出essay交上去,试问这样的essay怎么会得高分呢? 要知道,选择一个自己了解的主题才能够写出一篇好的essay,这样才不会显得内容空洞而乏味,同时,在取题时也要以简单、清晰为主要目的,方便读者了解内容。 二、引言干净利落 引言不需要太多,用最简单的语言概括出主体思想即可。 三、资源利用合理 在essay写作过程中避免不了会引用各种文献资料,因此,在引用时一定要合理选择适合自己essay观点的资料作为支撑。并且一定要做好标注,避免被判定为抄袭。 四、多次修改润色 好的essay一定是经过不断的推敲和修改的,因此要留出足够的时间对essay进行修改润色。 提醒大家,国外大学非常注重学生的创新能力,所以大家在写作essay的时候可以适当加入一些创新思维,这对论文的提升很大。 51due留学教育引领海外留学的风向标,打造最好的教育品牌,提供专业的代写服务,我们为自己的品牌代言,不负留学生的期待。提供全方位的服务,包括assignment代写、essay代写、paper代写服务。 更多关于代写的内容,点开主页栏目,即可快速获取代写相关资讯,如果各位有美国作业代写需求,可以咨询24小时客服QQ:800020041,为您详细解答。
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下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Candy Crush Saga,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了《糖果传奇》。《糖果传奇》是一款免费的对局益智游戏。游戏的操作非常简单,用户只需通过滑动的动作就可以切换糖果的颜色,使其与一行三种或三种以上相同颜色的糖果相匹配,并随着游戏的进行将糖果消掉。不同的目标和特殊效果被设计为不同的层次。作为一款由King开发的热门游戏,这款游戏已经发展成多个不同版本,到2014年拥有近1亿玩家。
Candy Crush Saga is a free match-three puzzle game available on different mobile platforms since 2012. The game is very simple to operate, as only the action of swiping is required for the users to swap the colors of candies to match a line of three or more of the same color, to blow out these candies as the game move on. Different goals and special effects are designed for a number of levels. As a popular game developed by King, the game has developed into several different versions, with nearly 100 million players by 2014. Candy Crush is a game targeted at females, or at least a game that is better received by female players than male ones. According to the player data released by King.com, 69% of Candy Crush players are female (Thompson, 2013). The user interface of Candy Crush is designed using bright, saturated colors, with cartoon effects that do not demonstrate a hint of masculinity commonly observed in games for male players (Wright & Black, 2013). The use of sweets, including candies, chocolate, gummy bears and sodas are associated with females as well. The music and sound effects used in the game are also associated with femininity. Finally, compared to male players, who are likely to invest more time and energy into games, female players prefer simple, light-hearted games to fill out their spare time. For instance, while waiting for a bus or inside the subway. Although the initial attempt of King.com to develop Candy Crush may not be gender specific, they have clearly reoriented their strategy in response to the much larger percentage of female players. This attempt to create a female gamer market should not be criticized. Targeting the specific needs of females should not be equated with gender stereotyping. Instead, the sexualization and simplification of female characters in many male-dominant video games are indeed stereotypes (Behm-Morawitz & Mastro, 2009). The difference between Candy Crush and these games is that it targets the need of females specifically, instead of objectifying the female gender. Just like any product should have its target customer group, it is justified to included female-preferred elements into games targeting the female player market. Candy Crush is a brave and successful step to diversify the video games market, by exploring the potential of the female players’ market. In terms of game design, female gaming market need to see more colors that differentiate from the dark style of many existing games. It should be noted that color and design are becoming increasingly integrated into games, making them more female friendly. For instance, the popular Monument Valley is a puzzle game that has a fair level of difficulty, but without the dark and violent elements. This makes the game much better revived by both genders. The addition of aesthetics into a video game in terms of color, sound, and design are important to attract more female players and further expand the market. References APA Behm-Morawitz, E., & Mastro, D. (2009). The effects of the sexualization of female video game characters on gender stereotyping and female self-concept. Sex Roles, 61(11-12), 808. doi:10.1007/s11199-009-9683-8 Thompson, M. (2013). King.com releases new Candy Crush Saga highlights. Retrieved from: http://www.adweek.com/digital/king-com-releases-new-candy-crush-saga-highlights/ Wright, L., & Black, F. (2013). Monochrome males and colorful females. SAGE Open, 3(4) doi:10.1177/2158244013509254 51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明:原创paper代写范文源自编辑创作,未经官方许可,网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为,未经同意的情况下,51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写服务。 51due为留学生提供最好的paper代写服务,亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多paper代写范文 提供作业代写服务,详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。 很多英国留学生在经过一段时间的学习之后,基本上已经掌握了essay的写作方法,但同学们想要再提升就非常困难了,最好的分数可能就只能拿到B。其实,essay写作的关键就在于下面这几个部分的写作,只要大家写好这几个部分,那么就有拿高分的机会了。
论文的结构无非也就是引言,正文,结论以及参考文献这四部分,要想写作好论文就得分类写作好这四个部分最后用连贯的语言将这四者联系在一起。 引言(Introduction):介绍一篇essay选题的背景介绍与此篇essay要解决的主要问题,字数通常不多,大约占全文的10%左右。 正文(Main Body):利用大约80%的文字去一一讨论essay选题所描述的相关问题(利用数据库文献进行参考)或者结合自身的理解去写作,保证essay具有较强的逻辑性。 结论(Conclusion):同引言部分(Introduction)类似,大约字数在10%左右,去提炼整篇essay问题以及核心内容的总结分析与归纳概括。 参考文献(referencing):参考文献是作为一篇essay的重要组成部分,如出现引用不标注,很有可能会判定为学术抄袭。 Reference是老师最看重的,所以请一定注意。 1、不管前面的主体部分最后一页剩多少空格,reference都要另起一页写; 2、每条reference之间要空一行。如果一条reference一排写不完,那么下面的几排提行时要和第一排三格; 3、References的排列要按字母顺序排列。可以用网址的reference放在最后; 4、H引用分为直接引用和间接引用。直接引用就是用了文章或书中的原话。请在出现的作者后面以(年代,页码)的形式标注。没有出现作者就在引用的句子后面用(作者名,年代,页码)的形式标注。间接引用就是参照发文章或书中的观点,引用方法与直接引用形式一样,只是不需要标注页码。 总之references绝对不能出现编造的情况,一定要真实。国外对这个问题查得很严。一旦查出有作假或抄袭情况,同学就要被开除学籍。 以上就是关于essay写作关键部分的讲解,所以同学们现在要做的,就是慢慢学会怎么完善这几个部分的写作,这样才能机会拿高分。 想要了解更多英国论文写作技巧或者需要英国代写,请关注51Due英国论文代写平台,51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构,专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作,主要业务有英国代写、essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写。亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多关于英国代写以及英国留学资讯,我们将为广大留学生提升写作水平,帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有英国代写需求,可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。 本篇paper代写- The debut of Korean pop singer讨论了韩国流行歌手的出道。如今,韩国流行歌手的影响已遍及世界各大洲。随着音乐娱乐产业的发展,出现了一个新问题,那就是歌手的一些基本权利被剥夺了。关于是否允许19岁以下的韩流学员登台表演的话题已经引起了激烈的争论。从市场的角度来看,各个年龄段的歌手都应该被允许出道。多样性是每一个成长和健康的产业的特征。毫无疑问,19岁以下的歌手增加了市场的多样性。此外,年轻歌手的存在本身就是一种需要的证明。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理,供大家参考阅读。
Support The pop music industry is South Korea is one of the major entertainment industries not only in east Asia, but also around the globe. Influence of K-pop singers nowadays are spread to all continents. An emerging problem with the development of the music entertainment industry is the deprivation of some of the basic rights of the K-pop singers. There are three reasons why music entertainment companies in Korea should only debut K-pop singers aged 19 and above. Firstly, a conflict between work and studies is inevitable for younger singers. Korea is a highly competitive country, and education has always been one of the most important things for the public. Young trainees already spend a lot of time practicing their dancing and vocal skills every day. Having to debut early would create a tighter schedule. Professional singers have numerous responsibilities bond by the contract. This makes schooling less and less important. Although debuting at a young age would bring monetary rewards in the short time, but it will have a negative influence on the singers’ basic education, which is harmful in the long term. Secondly, professional singers often face a tremendous amount of pressure. Many of the young singers have trained for most of their childhood. This leaves them little option to fail, since it would mean years of effort wasted. Therefore, singers often need to work extra hard to gain a fan base and a place in the industry. There are countless singers debuting every year, but only a small number of them are going to be really popular. This pressure of competition makes it even harder on the singers. For young singers aged below 19, it is unethical to require them to handle such pressure. Finally, young Korean singers, especially female ones, are overly sexualized in K-pop. Like older singers, young female singers have to wear sexy and revealing clothes to perform on stage and shoot music videos, since it has become an industry norm. For example, a member of girl band f(x), named Sulli, was only 15 years old. However, her ordinary work would include posing for sexually appealing magazine covers and wearing extremely short skirts to perform. Although it is okay for adult singers to perform this way and stand out from competition, it is inappropriate for younger singers to do the same. Therefore, debuting of singers aged below 19 should not be allowed. In conclusion, music entertainment companies in Korea should only debut K-pop singers aged 19 and above, because education is more important for underage singers, the pressure of professional life is too much for them to handle, and the overly sexualized nature of the music industry, that makes it inappropriate to debut underage singers. Industry leaders and relevant authorities in Korea should look into these matters and make reforms where necessary. Oppose The topic of whether to allow K-pop trainees aged under 19 to debut has gone through some heated debate. As one of the most important cultural industries in Korea, the K-pop industry has made profound influences in surrounding Asian countries and around the world. Regarding the issue of the age to debut, it will be argued in this speech that K-pop singers should be free to debut at any age they prefer. K-pop singers start young. Many of the singers become trainees from the age of 9 and 10. By the age of 19, they have already become experienced performers with the skills ready to perform in front of a larger audience. It is only natural to provide them the opportunity to do so. There are many western talent shows that allow underage contenders to compete in them, without raising much controversy. There is no reason why young K-pop singers should not be treated the same. Earnings of a professional singer and fame is the goal of all K-pop trainees. To achieve this goal, every singer has invested their time, energy and money into the career. Many of the financial support of the trainees originate from their family. Debuting at the right time, even if under 19, would mean a return of investment both for the trainees and for their families. For young trainees who have practices for years waiting for their moment to shine, putting a restriction on age is more of a restriction than protection. From the market perspective, singers of all ages should be allowed to debut. Diversity is the characteristic of every grown and healthy industry. There is no doubt that singers younger than 19 adds to the market diversity. In addition, the existence of young singers itself is a proof of need. If nobody likes to see younger performers, there wouldn’t be so many successful ones, such as Seungri from BIGBANG, BoA, and Krystal from f(x). In conclusion, it would only be fair play for singers of all ages to be part of the industry, provided that their basic rights are protected. Talented young trainees have invested so much, both personally and financially to prepare for their career, that they deserve an opportunity to debut. In addition, the addition of younger singers would add to the diversity of the music entertaining industry. References Thucydides. (2014). Sexualization in K-Pop: The Bare Truth. Retrieved from: http://kultscene.com/sexualization-in-k-pop-the-bare-truth/ Grand Narrative. (2011). Should the Sexualization of Teens in K-Pop be Banned? Retrieved from: https://thegrandnarrative.com/2011/07/20/k-pop-sexualization-teens-minors/ Soompi. (2016). 18 of the youngest K-pop idols ever to debut. Retrieved from: https://www.soompi.com/2016/02/28/18-of-the-youngest-k-pop-idols-ever-to-debut/ 要想成绩好,英国论文得写好,51due代写平台为你提供英国留学资讯,专业辅导,还为你提供专业英国essay代写,paper代写,report代写,需要找论文代写的话快来联系我们51due工作客服QQ:800020041或者Wechat:Abby0900吧。 下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- British watercolor,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了英国的水彩画。18世纪中叶至19世纪中叶,水彩画在英国取得了巨大的成功。那时候审美方式的改变和英国人喜爱旅行的特质结合起来,导致18世纪的时候产生了前往意大利的大旅行运动,水彩风景画成为上流社会子弟的必修课,这个意义是巨大的。而从绘画材料的角度来讲,水彩画种的特质契合了社会需要。一方面,水彩属于便于携带型。另一方面,英国多雾潮湿的气候,非常适合这种绘画工具的充分发挥。
From the middle of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century, watercolor painting made brilliant achievements in Britain, which could be attributed to the following reasons: Early settlers used watercolors to depict topographic features. As the basis of colonial expansion, it objectively promoted the development of British "topographic watercolor painting". Under the guidance of the British aesthetic concept, the revival of humanistic thought promoted the transformation of the mission of painting from serving god to serving people. The combination of the change of aesthetic mode and the characteristics of the British people's love of travel led to the "great journey" movement to Italy in the 18th century. Watercolor landscape painting became a required course for the children of the upper class, which was of great significance. From the perspective of painting materials, the characteristics of watercolor painting meet the needs of society. On the one hand, watercolor is easy to carry. On the other hand, the foggy and humid climate of Britain is very suitable for the full play of this painting tool. Watercolor 'c' landscape painting was produced in England in the 18th and 19th centuries. British early watercolor painting is mainly applied in terrain scene of surveying and mapping, this "terrain and painting" has the characteristics of the nature of the records in the content, the nature of the terrain map landscape painting in the process of drawing gradually increased its aesthetic, so that describe the terrain and painting "is the predecessor of watercolor landscape painting, is not too much. Paul sandby made the greatest contribution to watercolor "landscape painting". He was employed by the military authorities to work on watercolor "landscape painting". In a large number of topographic painting, the nature of in-depth observation and research, he put the purpose of utilitarian topographic map watercolor painting, to praise the nature of landscape painting, established the British classical watercolor style. In the 18th century, the "grand tour" to Italy became the most popular fashion among the British upper classes. This is of great significance to the development of British watercolor landscape painting. The "grand tour" connects England with France, Italy and Switzerland. In this process, the British truly experienced the magnificent scenery of sarvette style and the beautiful scenery of Claude style. The beautiful classical paintings brought back by the travelers quickly became popular in Britain, which deepened the understanding of the British artists on the classical landscape paintings. Also contributed to a new aesthetic taste and fashion. As a result, interest and fashion in finding or creating claude-like or sarvet-like landscapes quickly emerged within the United Kingdom. This kind of scenery which is found or created similar to the Italian classical scenery is called "picturesque". Such a shift in aesthetic approach has led to the establishment of "picturesque" styles in various visual fields. Although the "grand tour" movement was forced to stop because of the war, its influence has been far-reaching. The "grand tour" was temporarily cut off, so that British painters began to turn their attention to the local scenery, and the selection of scenery and style of works were deeply affected by the aesthetic effect of "picturesque" theory. In the 18th and 19th centuries, "picturesque" was defined as a new aesthetic discovery. The picturesque theory, represented by William gilpin, Richard paine Wright, and euvdal price, had similar views. Price points out that "picturesque" is characterized by "irregular ups and downs and changes" in form, color, light and line. In contrast to the enormous "magnificent" and gentle "beautiful", as the daily scenery of life "picturesque" has always been ignored, but now, people's eyes began to turn to them. In raskin's view, the art of "picturesque" concept only makes you watch, it is far away from thinking, the painter only looks at it in its own way, and then describes it according to its most moving aspect. Pure and simple painter, what he sees in natural things are the texture characteristics of objects, such as old ivy covered walls. The effect of light in reflecting the irregular appearance of an object. "Improvement" is an important step to implement the picturesque theory into the picture. The painter will transform the part of the scenery that does not conform to the picturesque principle in sketching, so as to add some artificial picturesque beauty. The derivative change of "picturesque" theory in the 18th century is an important historical process of the transformation from classicism aesthetics to romanticism aesthetics. The second half of the 18th century to the first half of the 19th century was a glorious period for British watercolor painting. Landscape painting and watercolor painting entered an unprecedented new climax. "Picturesque" theory plays a key role in the formation of the painter's concept and style. Here we mainly analyze the cause and development relationship between the cozens, Turner and constable, who are the representatives of the picturesque concept. Alexander and his son John Robert Cousins were two important English landscape painters of the 18th century. Their common characteristic is to like to use brown or gray monochromatic color on paper to depict the natural scenery or the imaginary scenery in the mind. In the history of western art, the contribution of Cousins and his son is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is to break through the limitations of predecessors and emphasize "creativity". One beneficiary was constable, whose cloud painting was directly influenced by Cousins. The second is the development of the kind of unmanned landscape painting and undecorated picture effect, for the "noble" concept to make "graphic". Turner has a lot to gain from this. In particular, he created a monochrome painting with cuttlefish ink as the pigment. The form of expression is close to the ink landscape in Chinese painting, which is very Oriental. Known as a generation of watercolor giant, little Cousins, known as "the man who used watercolor painting for poetry." He was more romantically alive than his father, and his usual technique was to outline hillsides, the sky, or chunks of rock in light brown, gray, or black before drawing clusters of leaves, meadows, houses, or people. Cozens jr. 's work influenced the work of Turner and gilding. Seeing his representative works "lake albano and the castle of gandolfo", we will have the following understanding: this is a "magnificent" scenery, but also a "beautiful" scenery. In front of such a landscape, we are likely to forget the differences between "classical", "modern" and "modern", "magnificent" and "beautiful", but think of what epton calls the "breeding ground" from which we have drifted away. William Turner was a famous English landscape painter, famous for his depiction of the subtle relationship between light and air. Together with John constable, they were called "the two men who really made English landscape painting independent from Dutch, French or Italian painting". His special contribution in the history of art is to place landscape painting on an equal footing with historical painting and portraiture. Turner's "the Abbey of tyntern" adds some seemingly random pieces of masonry to the picture, and adds some subjective "picturesque" factors. His work the archdiocese of Canterbury is a typical landscape painting. However, it is worth noting that he carefully depicted the mottled colors on the walls, which has reflected the roughness and irregularity of the "picturesque" theory. John constable was a pioneer of impressionism and a creative landscape painter. He is also a practitioner of the "picturesque" theory. The famous French painter delacroix said: "constable gave me a beautiful world. He freed English landscapes from the conventions and influences of Dutch, French, and Italian painting. He was like a pastoral poet. He painted large Numbers of ordinary scenes which were not taken seriously. A good illustration of the "picturesque" style. Constable was happy to choose landscapes that were "loose" and "not beautiful". Hay cart is one of constable's representative works, which is rich in color and vivid in details. The picture is a simple rural scene, the whole picture is full of bright sunshine texture and warm local flavor, like a beautiful, bright pastoral song. Fei xiaotong proposed the "cultural consciousness" and the concept of "culture adaptation", and in view of the particularity of the contemporary world culture and art development, inevitable requirement we in keeping the national culture, on the basis of traditional art in the modern world background state and the reality of contemporary aesthetic value pluralism coexistence, break the regional scope, in the excellent cultural achievements of ethnic brothers derive elite, especially should attach great importance to the development of British watercolour significance of watercolor painting development in our country, so as to solve practical problems of art creation and research. 想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要英国代写,请关注51Due英国论文代写平台,51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构,专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作,主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里,51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务,为广大留学生提升写作水平,帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有essay代写需求,可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。 51Due网站原创范文除特殊说明外一切图文著作权归51Due所有;未经51Due官方授权谢绝任何用途转载或刊发于媒体。如发生侵犯著作权现象,51Due保留一切法律追诉权。 下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The American model of tax accounting,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了美国的税务会计模式。美国实行财税分离的税务会计模式,是唯一一个建立税务会计理论框架的国家。美国的税务会计是完全脱离公认会计原则的另一套报表体系,是建立在税法目标基础之上,从税基的计算到税款的缴纳,始终贯彻税收法案规定的专门会计体系。为此,美国税务会计界在国家税收署的支持下,已经建立起一套税务会计的完整的理论框架。
The United States is famous for its "free style" market economy system, in which the government does not directly intervene in the economy. Its investment system is dominated by enterprises, and supply and demand are determined by the market. The securities market is extremely developed. Its enterprise organization form is given priority to with joint-stock system enterprise, abide by generally accepted accounting principle. The United States is a country of common law. What really matters is not the law itself, but the statutory law is a supplement to the common law, and the applicable law is interpreted by court cases. The American government and the public have a strong sense of risk and pay attention to the realization of self-value. Accounting management in the United States is a folk type, and the accounting professional group is quite powerful. For example, the financial accounting standards board in the United States is a self-regulatory body, and generally accepted accounting principles are the core of accounting standards. Accounting profession in the United States is considered to be a promising career. Accounting personnel have a high status. Most of them are highly qualified, professional and well-paid. Due to the combined influence of the above factors, tax accounting in the United States is another set of statement system completely divorced from generally accepted accounting principles. It is a special accounting system established on the basis of tax law objectives, from the calculation of tax base to the payment of tax, and consistent with the provisions of tax bill. To this end, the American tax accounting community has established a complete theoretical framework of tax accounting with the support of the national tax office. This theoretical framework includes the purpose of tax accounting, tax accounting hypothesis or basic premise, and tax accounting methods, which serve as the theoretical basis for adjusting financial accounting information and filing tax returns. Therefore, the American tax accounting fully reflects the independence of financial accounting characteristics. The United States is the only country that has established the theoretical framework of tax accounting. Not only that, the United States has also accumulated a lot of experience in tax accounting practice. Although in terms of tax and accounting environment, China's market economy is a market economy under the guidance of the government, and it is not as developed as the capital market of the United States, and there is a certain gap with the United States in other aspects. However, it is an inevitable result to meet the needs of all aspects for our country to use the American tax accounting model for reference to establish the tax accounting model which separates financial accounting from tax accounting. Since the 1990s, China's enterprise accounting reform has been in the forefront of economic reform. Before the reform of accounting, the basic characteristic of accounting work in China is "finance decides finance, and finance decides accounting". Therefore, the revenue and expenses recognized and measured by the accounting system are basically the same as the corresponding items recognized and measured by the tax law. Therefore, the issue of tax accounting has not attracted the attention of the accounting community. With the transition of China's accounting standardization system from accounting system to accounting standards, it breaks out of the frame of "finance decides finance, finance decides accounting", and gradually forms a relatively independent and perfect accounting management and accounting mode. After the reform of accounting system and tax system, the gap between China's tax law and accounting standards shows an expanding trend. Financial accounting no longer integrates the requirements of finance and tax law, but follows accounting standards. Tax is a kind of behavior that the country participates in social wealth distribution with the power of political power. In the tax relations, the government and the investor are a pair of behavior subjects which play games with each other, and their behavior difference determines the inevitability of the separation of tax accounting and financial accounting. First of all, taxation is a mandatory behavior of the government by virtue of the state machine, while the return on investment of investors is the objective result of market operation. Second, the government is free to tax, and investors to obtain the return on investment is paid. Moreover, government tax revenue needs to be stable, and investors' investment returns may be unstable due to market changes. The investor is faced with the risk of investment, which leads to the investor requires the accounting to adopt the principle of prudence, that is, the investor can confirm the expected loss in advance but does not confirm the expected income. On the one hand, investment subjects can be divided into the state and natural persons, but when the investment subject is the state, the government has two jobs, both as the tax collector and the recipient of investment returns. This means that the two systems need not be separated. However, with the deepening of economic reform, when the main body of investment is characterized by diversification, the opposition between the non-state-owned enterprise owners and the government in income distribution will gradually emerge. On the other hand, the separation of the two is the requirement of the diversification of information users. And with the mature socialist market economy and the stock company established, users of financial statements have been from a single country related departments to develop in the direction of diversification, the tax authorities is one of the users of financial statements, users of more and more important is that the Banks, the shareholders of a company, the public investors, company managers, etc., their internal requirement of accounting objective reveal in gradually increased, in order to provide useful accounting information for their decision-making. Because the comprehensive quality of tax personnel and accounting personnel in China is generally not high, and tax work and accounting work have a high degree of professionalism, it is easy to form tax personnel familiar with the tax law but do not understand the relevant accounting knowledge; However, accountants are familiar with accounting practice but do not understand the status quo of relevant tax laws. This increases the difficulty of actual work virtually. The separation of tax accounting and financial accounting, can make our financial personnel from contradictions cross because of the tax law and accounting system was in a dilemma situation, thus leisurely, properly deal with the financial and tax accounting events, truly provide accounting information, according to the requirements of true and fair and calculate the current tax payable. Tax personnel can also concentrate on the requirements of the tax law, the use of tax accounting methods to determine the amount of tax payable by enterprises, without considering the provisions of accounting standards. Only in this way can financial accounting and tax accounting be allowed to perform their respective duties and do their best. Because for a long time, people for tax accounting "but beg on the feasible operation", "not to complete" theory, tend to focus on specific methods of research, so far, in addition to the United States, there is no any country puts forward the theoretical framework of tax accounting, and ignore the theory construction, is bound to affect the actual work. The revenue act of the United States, introduced in 1987, is both the highest federal tax law and the theoretical guide to U.S. tax accounting. Starting from the goal of tax accounting, it elaborates the various concepts of tax accounting in a clear hierarchy. Based on the accounting method of recognizing revenue and expenses, it constructs a complete theoretical framework of tax accounting. China can refer to this bill, and combined with the actual situation of our country, improve tax legislation, strengthen the construction of tax accounting theory, and construct the theoretical framework of our tax accounting. The United States is the country with the most perfect accounting standards in the world, which adopts the tax accounting mode of separation between tax accounting and financial accounting, but fails to better avoid accounting fraud and tax evasion. First enron, an American energy giant, exposed more than $1.2 billion in accounting fraud. Then came financial scandals at worldcom, America's second-biggest long-distance telephone company, and xerox, the world's biggest copier maker. At the same time, one of the five accounting firms, Arthur Andersen, went bankrupt because of its involvement in auditing the financial statements of enron and worldcom. It can be seen that the mode of separation of tax accounting and financial accounting cannot guarantee the authenticity and reliability of accounting information. It can only reduce the probability of false information, but cannot fundamentally eliminate false information. Therefore, if China adopts this model, tax authorities should not be complacent because this model is an advanced model introduced from developed countries, thinking that they can rest easy. Instead, they should adopt a more cautious attitude to solve new problems arising under the new model and strengthen the collection and management of tax, so as to achieve the desired effect. Accounting profession in the United States is considered to be a promising career. Accounting personnel have higher status, higher quality and strong professional dedication. Although there are a lot of accountants in China, their overall quality is not high. This situation directly affects the provision of financial and tax information, resulting in low information quality and unreliable information. Therefore, accounting personnel can be trained before their posts or relevant theories and treatment methods of tax accounting can be added to the content of continuing education of accounting personnel, so that accounting practitioners can master relevant knowledge. Only in this way can we provide useful decision-making information for users of accounting information and relevant information about tax payment for enterprise management authorities and tax authorities. 51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明:原创essay代写范文源自编辑创作,未经官方许可,网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为,未经同意的情况下,51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。 51due为留学生提供最好的essay代写服务,亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多essay代写范文 提供代写服务,详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。 下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- The structure of America's balance of payments,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了美国的国际收支结构。国际收支,是指一国或地区在一定时期内全部对外经济往来的系统的货币记录。上世纪70年代,美国的国际收支结构主要表现为经常账户的逆差和金融账户的顺差。从1992年开始,美国的经常账户逆差不断扩大。在美国对外贸易的经常账户中,占逆差比重较大的是其货物和服务贸易的进出口差额。
The term "international balance of payments" refers to the monetary records of all the foreign economic transactions of a country or region in a certain period of time. The balance of payments is the main basis for analyzing a country's balance of payments, which includes three major accounts: current account, capital account and financial account. The imbalance of a country's balance of payments is mainly manifested as the balance imbalance of autonomous transactions. When the balance is positive, it is called balance of payments surplus; otherwise, it is called balance of payments deficit. Due to the continuous expansion of international trade deficit, after the financial crisis, the United States tried to mitigate the economic impact of the crisis from the perspective of international trade, and then transferred the risk to other countries and regions in the world. The basic way is to narrow the international trade deficit of the United States through a series of trade protectionism measures, and then improve the international competitiveness of American domestic products. Anti-dumping measures; Other non-tariff barriers. In the 1970s, the international payment structure of the United States was mainly represented by current account deficit and financial account surplus. Since 1992, its current account deficit has been continuously expanding, from 51.614 billion us dollars to 802.636 billion us dollars in 2006. Its proportion in GDP has also been increasing year by year, once reaching about 6% of GDP. After 2006, the current account deficit of the United States has been alleviated, but it still remains at a high level. The surplus in financial accounts also gradually expanded, from $43,833 million in 1991 to $8,091.50 in 2006, a rise of more than 18 times. In the past 20 years, the capital account showed positive and negative balance with no obvious trend of growth and decline. Foreign trade in the current account in the United States, the larger the deficit is the difference between the import and export of goods and services trade, in 1992, the import and export of goods and services is $656.094 billion and $616.883 billion respectively, import and export of the balance of $39.211 billion, by 2006, two data is $2.212023 trillion and $1.452783 trillion respectively, the difference to expand to $759.24 billion, the growth rate of 1836.29%. Notable is, its net assets yield abroad perennial surplus condition, by 2010, the United States in foreign assets investment earnings of $659.354 billion, among them, the direct investment income reached $426.038 billion, accounts for more than 64%, while other countries assets investment earnings of $488.04 billion in the United States, net investment in the current account is 171.314 billion dollars. The financial account of foreign trade of the United States keeps a surplus all year round. Among the capital inflow projects, the direct investment of foreign assets and securities investment account for a large proportion. Before the financial crisis, the direct investment of foreign unofficial assets in the United States and securities investment account for more than 40% of the total capital inflow. The issuance of Treasury bonds, as a result of capital inflows also occupies certain proportion, in nearly a decade, official foreign asset holdings of us treasuries remained positive capital inflows, the unofficial capital holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds only outflow of $58.229 billion in 2006, other years remain capital inflows, especially the United States to issue bonds totaled $2010 in 680.531 billion, is to remove the financial crisis in 2008 when issuing $710.064 billion since the history of the second high volumes. From the perspective of aggregate, in the past 20 years, the current account deficit of the United States accounted for a larger proportion of the total international balance of payments than the financial account surplus, resulting in its continuous foreign trade deficit. In order to stimulate domestic consumption and investment demand, the U.S. government keeps lowering interest rates to reduce national savings and reduce the cost of corporate loans, so as to promote the rapid growth of the national economy. The decrease of savings and the increase of investment will lead to the imbalance of national income identity, which must rely on the expansion of the balance of imports and exports to make up the gap, resulting in the international balance of payments deficit. Loose monetary policy in the United States at the same time, also get a lot of money by huge fiscal deficits to expand the government to buy and the promotion of investment, especially after the Iraq war and after the 2008 financial crisis, in order to maintain the rapid growth of domestic economy, the government had to further increase the size of its fiscal deficit, and further expand its Treasury bonds and currency circulation. Since the 1980s, the United States has made great efforts to develop high-tech industries based on information technology. As a result, the proportion of its traditional industries in GDP has been decreasing year by year and gradually declined. At the same time because of the developing countries, including China, there are a large number of cheap Labour, makes the United States will be the traditional industry, especially the labor-intensive manufacturing, the production department continuously transfer to other countries, such as automotive manufacturing, garment production and TV production, etc., in this part of the product to a serious shortage of domestic supply, most of the demand cannot be self-sufficient, only through a large number of imported shall be satisfied. America's export controls on high-tech products date back to the cold war. After "11 incident", American government increased the export control on high-tech products, especially the export restrictions on military supplies and technologies, for the reason of protecting its national strategic interests and achieving the control of its foreign policy. Among them, as the largest trading partner and an important strategic rival of the United States, China's import of a large number of high-tech products is restricted. In the past 10 years, China's import of high-tech products from the United States has more than halved from 18.3% in 2001, resulting in the loss of a large amount of potential export revenue of the United States. The outbreak of the financial crisis exposed the perennial maintain the balance of payments deficit of the risk accumulation condition, the result is the appeal of the dollar is falling, hinder the return rate of $, which may affect its economic growth, so after the United States in 2008, has adopted a series of measures to eliminate the trade deficit the adverse impact on the economy. In a short period of time, the value of the dollar and other measures to a certain extent, ease the pressure brought by the financial crisis, but as the world, including the euro and other currencies of the yuan's rising status, America wants to pass in the long-term financial account surplus to offset the large current account deficit method obviously doesn't work, must start from their own, through other measures to reduce the trade deficit, such as cut government deficits, higher interest rates, reduce export controls, etc., or long-term trade deficit risk brought about by the various aspects will be America's economic growth in the crucible of the road. 51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明:原创assignment代写范文源自编辑创作,未经官方许可,网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为,未经同意的情况下,51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有assignment代写、essay代写、paper代写服务。 51due为留学生提供最好的assignment代写服务,亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多assignment代写范文 提供北美作业代写服务,详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。 对于留学生来说,每一次的英文论文写作都是BrainStorming,头脑风暴。因为当你在写作英文论文的时候,往往会大脑一片空白,不知道该写些什么。只有BrainStorming,才可以让我们去构思论文的写作,如何条理清晰地展开论述。
争取写满你的草稿纸 拿起你的笔和纸,或者打开你的电脑开始写作!任何在你脑中浮现的关键词或句子都可以添加到你的文章里。这个过程可能会让你的文章看起来有些杂乱,但它是一种收集想法和信息的有效方式,且草稿的创作过程毫无压力。 做好思路条理顺序 如果将思想投射到纸上的办法会让你的大脑一片空白,因停滞不前而产生失落感,不要担心,还有一个更加“程序化”的方法可以帮助你头脑风暴。使用图表可以帮助你快速收集各种想法,同时保证它们条理清晰。以下是两种BrainStorming常用的图表,大家了解一下: 1.Venn Diagram(维恩图) 在日常生活中并不常用的维恩图,在头脑风暴时却可以直接帮助到学生们。如果你从来没有使用维恩图进行头脑风暴,举个例子帮助你更好地理解:如果你有一篇review作业要写,是回顾的事件是讨论使用泡沫塑料的利与弊。这时,你可以在纸的左边画一个圈圈,然后标注“好处”,右边也画一个圈圈标注“坏处”,两圈圈中间交叉,交叉部分记录泡沫塑料不是特别积极也不是特别消极地影响。这样你的每一个想法都记录在案,可以帮助你进一步的展开论述,既清楚又明了。 2.Spider Diagram(蜘蛛网图) 在开始创建一个蜘蛛图的时候,同样以维恩图中的事件为例,先写下你希望文章中包含的3--5条主线。还以泡沫塑料为例,你可以先给它贴上三个标签,分别是“不可生物降解”,“廉价的产物”和“有用的材料”。当你有了这些主要的标签后,你可以从这些主题中分离出来支持它们的论点和证据,甚至还可以把你的关键话题联系在一起。最后,它的形状应该像蜘蛛网一样。 以上就是关于BrainStorming在英文论文写作中的应用,同学们不妨尝试一下,看看对自己有没有帮助。 想要了解更多英国论文写作技巧或者需要英国代写,请关注51Due英国论文代写平台,51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构,专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作,主要业务有英国代写、essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写。亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多关于英国代写以及英国留学资讯,我们将为广大留学生提升写作水平,帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有英国代写需求,可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。 本篇paper代写- A Sociolinguistic讨论了社会语言学。社会语言学研究强调语言在人际交往和社会活动中的实施方式,并不断被重新解释和定义。当人们想要表达自己的意图沟通和协商,当人们考虑如何呈现自己的别人的观点,社会语言学总是被巧妙地运用着,通常甚至连使用者都没有意识到。每个人的每一种表达都是通过与其他个人或其他群体的沟通和协商过程来实现的。每个人的身份都是通过不同社会群体的交叉和互动来实现的。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理,供大家参考阅读。
Introduction Background Sociolinguistic studies emphasize the way language is implemented in interpersonal communication and social activities and is constantly being reinterpreted and redefined. When people intend to express their intention to communicate and negotiate, when people consider how to present their own point of view to others, when their identities are revealed and how they are seen by themselves and others, when people intentionally or unconsciously express their sense of belonging or deviance toward a certain group; social linguistics in always quietly and subtly being employed, usually without even the user being aware of them. Each expression of each individual is reached through a process of communication and consultation with other individuals or other groups. Each person's identity is achieved through the crossover and interaction of different social groups. English is a very suitable language for scientific research because of its logic, its inclusiveness, and its large and expansive vocabulary and numerous social divisions. This allows the larger English language to be divided into a large number of colorful and multicultural language varieties. Drawing on different expressions and habits from different immigrants and different social positions, the class nature and hierarchical division of English is also very easy to identify. The use of language in the media reveals different ideologies and different social groups everywhere, as well as different types of mass media. This article starts with the class and chooses the upper middle class language community for research. Data Frasier is a derivative work of another series Cheers, one of the most successful legends in TV series history and one of the most acclaimed television comedies of all time. The drama lasted a total of 11 seasons, broadcast time for 1993-2004 years. Tells the story of the lives of two brothers, Frasier and Niles, graduated psychiatrists from Harvard. The main scenes include family interactions, interaction with their single father, cultural activities, Frasier’s work as a radio host, his love affairs, and so on. In the plots of the show, the identity of the characters and the variety of the classes explored are diverse. As a successful sitcom with rich cultural connotation, the language of the script is highly rich and extremely dense in features. It is very suitable for linguistic studies. The data in this article will be selected from this series and will be studied in the language of the upper middle class with higher education represented by Frasier and Niles, including vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, and more. To sum it up, Frasier is a great media representation to study social class-based American English. Content As a mass media product, Frasier shows the language characteristics of the upper middle class very accurately and distinctly. This article analyzes the characters use of language subordination, prestige, register, and other aspects of the lines and dialogue, and makes statistics and examples of specific language features, summarizes the language characteristics of the upper middle class in the United States, including pronunciation, vocabulary and syntax. There are some comparisons with ordinary class languages. Finally, I studied the ideology of language and the stereotypes created by this show. In sitcoms, these stereotypes can play a useful role in creating conflicts and contrasts, as well as be used to undermine and deconstruct social constructs, enhancing the comic effect. Analysis How is the linguistic variety represented? Language varies with the user in terms of time, area, age, gender, social class, and level of education, leading to differences in their use according to the language situation and context. This inevitably results in the use of specific language variants. In Frasier, the manifestation of linguistic variants focuses on the classification of social-economic class as a measure. Social dialect: Frasier tells the story of Seattle, and the Seattle dialect. However, once the regional dialect is attached with a value criterion, it can become a social dialect and forms a social marker. Frasier, as a high intellectual and psychiatrist in Seattle, has a distinctive social dialect characteristic of his language variant, forms his own distinctive language features. For example, the constant use of foreign languages and classical references in his speech, which continue to be used regardless of his audience. Frasier is almost never willing to sacrifice his use of a more prestigious language for increased levels of understanding or commonality with his lower-class speech partners. Example: episode 1 (15:42) Frasier (to Daphne, Martin’s physical therapist): Quelle surprise. Example: episode 2 (14:27) Niles (In the coffee shop to the waitress): Mille grazie. One of the major characteristics of the language variant among upper middle class Americans is the direct use of foreign languages. Most of time it is an expression and showing their own social class and they do not usually consider the listeners’ level too much. This reinforces the standard language myth: the standard language and elite language employed and pursued by Niles and Frasier is an ideal, often rejected and ridiculed by others and rarely perfectly understood, but has direct social effects on others’ behavior, and Standard Variables affect the prestige of various language features. Frasier and Niles strive to move their language closer to higher levels, but are often derided for doing so. It can be thus be seen that although the standard variant should grant overt prestige, non-standard variants also has covert prestige, as there is a pride in more “casual,” understandable language varieties. Example: episode 1 (08:17) Frasier (introducing his furniture to his father): This couch is an exact replica of the one Coco Chanel had in her Paris atelier. … Martin: It’s your money. In the above example, Frasier shows a clear habit to maintain prestige in his language, such as the word “atelier.” But Martin as a representation of the lower class could response in a down to earth way and this character is convinced to be more welcomed among the audiences of this show. Style and Register: Differences in style are mainly manifested through sentence structure, words, and phonetic transcription. In the sentence structure, the upper middle class is often willing to use some poetic language; and in the perspective of tone, the rhetoric and obvious irony are very common. Example: episode 2 (11:44) Frasier: Oh, glory be. Oh, happy day. Example: episode 6 (02:20) Frasier (after an audience did not listen to him to go to Italy): Well, then yes, Gary, you… You should get the sump pump. Register in Frasier mainly occurs in the main characters’ use of psychological terms. Through the professional field, Frasier shows show his upper class and expertise, and thus his status and personal identity. His language mode is reflected in the difference between his radio show and his daily life. Language tenor is embodied in the relationship between characters. What linguistic features are present? What features are left out? Are the features accurately represented? What language ideologies and social stereotypes seem to underlie the representation? Is this a positive or negative representation? Is it accurate or inaccurate? 要想成绩好,英国论文得写好,51due代写平台为你提供英国留学资讯,专业辅导,还为你提供专业英国essay代写,paper代写,report代写,需要找论文代写的话快来联系我们51due工作客服QQ:800020041或者Wechat:Abby0900吧。 下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The value orientation of the house of lords,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了贵族院的价值定位。贵族院又称上议院,是英国议会的重要组成部分之一。作为重要的国家机构,其曾经在议会与英王的权力斗争过程中扮演过关键性的领导角色,并曾在相当漫长的一段时间内集立法、司法、行政等重要的国家权力于一身。现代的英国宪法体系下,贵族院的作用被精确地定位为对平民院的补充而非破坏,它是修正的和慎思的议院,不得挑战平民院的突出地位,它并不是平民院的简单重复者和对手。
The bourgeois revolution took place in England during the reign of Stuart. After the "glorious revolution" in 1688, the elected common people's court became the core institution of British politics. Since then, the power of the king of England was gradually weakened and became a "virtual monarch". And the power of the house of lords began to gradually transfer to the civilian court. The parliament act of 1832 removed the power of the house of lords to nominate members of the house of Commons. The parliament act of 1911 further stipulated that all financial bills passed by the house of Commons could be sent to the king of England for approval and publication even if they could not be passed by the house of lords. The house of lords could veto non-fiscal bills only twice, and the 1949 act of parliament shortened the period to one year. At this point, the financial and legislative and other major state affairs of power to the full civilian court. In respect of judicial power, The Scotland in 1689, The Scottish The Claim of Right to establish The appellate jurisdiction of civil cases, Scottish parliament in 1707, according to The act of united England and Scotland, The Scottish parliament and The power into lords of appeal case jurisdiction, from then on, emblazoned with The Supreme Court to enable The system has been in use today. In the 1870s, the British government tried several times to abolish the jurisdiction of the house of lords and set up a court of final appeal, but failed. By 1876, the jurisdiction of appeal law officially confirmed the jurisdiction of the house of lords. Since 2003, the Blair government has been considering a series of reforms to the house of lords, including the 2005 constitutional reform act. On June 12, 2003, Blair announced that Lord ChancellorIrvine would retire and that Lord Falconer would serve as chancellor for a transitional period. On October 1st, 2009, the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom was formally established, which abolished the judicial function of the house of lords for several centuries. At the same time, the hereditary aristocracy, as one of the traditional members of the court, was also removed from all seats in the court. The above historical changes outline the development trajectory of the house of lords and the parliamentary politics it represents. Parliamentary politics from beginning until the end of the "glorious revolution" during this period, if the idea can be called the first house and the house of Commons is called the second chamber, then start from the middle of the nineteenth century, great changes have taken place in the relationship between the two, the former by the first house fell for the second chamber, the latter the contrary; The parliament act of 1911 fixed the changed power relationship between the two houses in a statutory form. Although the ACTS of parliament of 1832, 1911 and 1949 gradually weakened the power of the house of lords, they changed only the exercise of legislative power, and the judicial power that had lasted for centuries was not abolished. Britain does not have a written constitutional code. The British constitution can be considered "unwritten constitution". Bagehot described the British constitution in his famous book the British constitution as follows: "the constitution of the United States was written by a conference; The British constitution has been built up over centuries. And the history of the house of lords is a reflection of that description. Through the observation of the early English legal history, it can be found that the nobles played a very important role in that period, which can be summarized as the following aspects: they were often the authors of many key and important legal documents, such as the famous magna carta and the petition of rights; They are often the advocates of major political and legal movements, which is closely related to this point. Since the magna carta, the practice of the exercise of judicial power by nobles has been preserved and developed in the course of centuries. The aristocracy is a symbol of status and status. In terms of the traditional distinction of social status, they are above the common people and below the king. Since Britain does not have the concept of nation in the modern sense in law, only the king is the symbol of national power. Therefore, in a country with great respect for tradition, the king can arouse people's great reverence. An important function of the aristocracy, traditionally an important political institution in England, is that its very existence "calls to mind a subservient consciousness of the soul of the vulgar, the frivolous, and the petty majority, who neither appreciate nor are aware of anything else." It also prevents a kind of "pure" money domination. The important factor that makes the aristocracy produce the above functions can be summarized as a common human nature, which is the envy of wealth. Everything in terms of money - "a simple love of the gold itself" - is the standard of daily life for many ordinary people. But aristocracy, to a large extent, formed a "sense of admiration for money" to ease and even resist. In British society, because of the establishment of the aristocracy, "pure and simple" money is by no means a symbol of nobility. Money is overwhelmed by the overwhelming authority of a different spiritual force. In this case, the society has two kinds of idol worship, the first is the worship of pure money, and the other is from the noble worship spirit of the aristocratic system of worship. And once the two exist at the same time, it will certainly make people choose between them, or the competition between the two kinds of worship. Generally speaking, the name of aristocracy almost means something hereditary, a kind of identity and a symbol of noble spirit, and it has formed a certain social style over time. The wealth of money is merely an adjunct to a man, not to the man himself, so that if people worship only the wealth of money itself, then they worship only the adjunct to the man, but if they worship nobility, then they worship the extraordinary virtue of the man. The house of lords is a collection of elite members of society that makes it another institution of state besides the king of England that inspires a sense of reverence. At the same time, the efficiency of the house of lords is quite high compared with that of the house of Commons. Some people even claim that the house of lords only needs one night to complete the work that the house of lords takes a week to complete. Although through the long history of the wash and make today's house of lords compared to the history of the "faded" many, but it still plays an important role in the British constitution in the "honor" part. With the development of parliamentary politics, the spirit of "honor" is integrated into the blood of the British constitution and becomes an important spirit in the British constitution. Before the "glorious revolution", the role of the civilian court was not taken seriously. With the modernization of society, the role of the civilian court was gradually taken seriously. The house of lords, on the other hand, was full of honor and power before the fall of the aristocracy. After the decline of the aristocracy, most of the functions of effectiveness were transferred to the plebeian court, while the noble house maintained its functions of honor. As an important political institution, it was always respected by the British people. If, in the middle ages and before, there was a conflict of power between the house of lords, the house of Commons, and the king of England, the conflict was more likely to exist between the house of lords and the house of lords. Since the glorious revolution, power conflicts tend to exist between the former two. In the first period, the power of the royal family was gradually weakened in the struggle, and then transferred to itself. In the later period, the active party of this power transfer was replaced by the commoner's court, while the passive party was the noble court. That is to say, the changing history of the constitutional power of the aristocracy is not in accordance with the veneration it has received, which has become a contradiction in the spirit of the British constitution. The British have been trying to solve this contradiction with a constitutional attitude: trying to find the method they need to solve this contradiction from the function of political institutions and the history of political thoughts, instead of resorting to pure legal theories. In any case, the crucial question at the heart of the reform is how to define the role of the house of lords in modern British politics. Take an examination of the history of many classics of law, it is not difficult to find that all the time since there is such a theory -- it thought, idea ought to be, and in fact is also a and the house of Commons in parliament coordination institution, a Commons equal institutions, and the house of Commons on behalf of the king of domestic branch the general populace role, noble lords also represents the kingdom branch; According to the conventions and principles of the British constitution, the two branches should have the same authority and power. The above theory can be understood as a "balanced" bicameral constitutional theory, that is, both houses of parliament should be "equal". To what extent is this theory feasible? I have this objection, that the house of lords and the house of Commons are of entirely different natures, and that, if given equal powers, either of them, under normal political circumstances, can prevent any legislation which it itself does not think fit. If so, much of the legislature, which is necessary for many countries, will fail because of a row between the two Chambers. Historically, with the "glorious revolution" as the boundary line, in the period before this, the house of lords was over the civilian court, and even guided the civilian court to a large extent. After that, the relationship between the two houses shifted -- the Commons was superior to the house of lords. Therefore, compared with the bicameral parliamentary political system in feudal times, what was established after the "glorious revolution" was a new type of bicameral political system. Facing this change, the specific positioning of the two houses must be re-examined. It should be said that the change of the old and new bicameral politics could be attributed to the change of the power balance between different social classes in Britain at that time. The process of modernization actually led to the change of power between the masses and the aristocracy. The former gradually mastered the dominant power of the state, while the latter gradually declined. Such a contrast is reflected in the national political system is an important carrier of the two forces - the house of lords and the house of Commons to re-examine the positioning. If the will of the people is to be maximized rather than to be followed by the aristocracy, the balance of power will inevitably swing in the direction of the Commons. However, the house of lords and the aristocracy are important symbols of the whole British culture, and completely negating their functions runs counter to the spirit of the whole constitutional convention. How to solve this paradox in reality? The parliamentary laws of 1911 and 1949 provided a way to position the house of lords as a revisionist and advisory house in the context of the dominance of the Commons. The important consideration and unique function of this position is that the house of lords, as the amendment court of the people's court, can bring less partisan opinions to the legislative process compared with the excessive party disputes involved in the proceedings of the people's court, and can have sufficient time to conduct a long investigation of the government work. In terms of the current personnel composition of the house of lords, it has a lot of professional knowledge, but these are advantages that the house of lords does not have. The house of lords can use this advantage to put forward its own unique perspective on the government work, instead of simply repeating the legislative work of the house of lords. In addition, compared with the civilian court, the court is in a relatively detached position and will not be disturbed by too many unnecessary party factors. At the same time, it does not have the problem of bearing responsibilities to the constituency, so it is extremely important to maintain the stability of the government. In addition to legislation and the day-to-day work of government, the highest judicial power of the house of lords, which has lasted for centuries, is also an important factor in the above contradiction. Until 2005 there were two supreme courts in Britain, and although the professional and personal conduct of British judges has long been praised, the flaws of such a system are obvious. First, there are serious problems with the existence of the two supreme courts: "one committee can decide that a person has no problem with money, and the other committee can decide that he has a problem with land." Of course, the two judicial organs will not try the same case, because their respective jurisdiction is not the same, but the judicial opinions caused by legal issues of the same nature involved in the trial process may produce substantive conflicts, which is not necessarily a more beneficial approach for the unification of the judiciary of a country. Second, the judiciary committee of the house of lords is not an independent judiciary in the true sense of the word -- it is itself a constituent part of parliament, a court "hidden under the gun of parliament" in bagehot's words; Although the noble qualities of British judges are commended, the defects of this structure are still in conflict with the modern constitutional concept of judicial independence. To sum up the above discussion, the author believes that under the modern British constitutional system, the role of the house of lords is precisely positioned as a supplement to, rather than a disruption to, the house of Commons. It is a revised and deliberative house, and must not challenge the prominent position of the house of Commons. Even the "second court" has its unique status and function. It may be a less prominent institution, but it is an institution for people to look up to, a manifestation of the spirit of reverence. 想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要英国代写,请关注51Due英国论文代写平台,51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构,专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作,主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里,51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务,为广大留学生提升写作水平,帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有essay代写需求,可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。 51Due网站原创范文除特殊说明外一切图文著作权归51Due所有;未经51Due官方授权谢绝任何用途转载或刊发于媒体。如发生侵犯著作权现象,51Due保留一切法律追诉权。 |
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